Internet Infrastructure Review (IIR) Vol.68
February 2026

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• Executive Summary[655KB]
• 1) Periodic Observation Report "Internet Trends as Seen from IIJ Infrastructure —2025"[1.41MB]

  Internet services provider IIJ operates some of the largest network and server infrastructure in Japan. This article explains our regular analysis of Internet trends. We report on BGP routes, DNS query analysis, IPv6 and mobile, and the Internet backbone.

• 1) Focused Research "Design and Implementation of the bowline DNS Full Resolver"[404KB]

  This article explains the design philosophy and implementation technology of "bowline," a DNS full resolver independently developed by IIJ. bowline is implemented in Haskell and released as open source.

• 2) Focused Research "Satellite Internet: Old Yet New—How Starlink Is Changing the World"[2.34MB]

  This article explains the history of LEO (Low Earth Orbit) satellite internet and the latest developments, focusing on Starlink.

• 3) Focused Research "Internal RAG Platform Using Generative AI and Extension to Multi-Agent Orchestration —Implementation Technologies, Operational Efficiency Outcomes, and Future Outlook"[1.35MB]

  We introduce sbdGPT, an in-house RAG platform developed and operated by IIJ that achieves approximately 1,500 hours of monthly operational efficiency gains, along with its multi-agent expansion.